Plant identification
This one, formerly described as "Twiggy tree," is Sea-buckthorn. The berries are apparently a fine source of Vitamin C, and oils from the berries were supposedly used by Russian cosmonauts, or so they say. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_buckthorn
This one, previously described as "Non-tasty unidentified plant thing" has now been identified as a species of manroot. "The anthropomorphic common names 'manroot' & 'old man' derive from the swollen lobes and arm-like extensions of the unearthed tuber. On old plants, the tuber can be several meters long and weigh in excess of 100kg."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marah_(plant)